metadata toggle
Payment
 
Payment
Definition of a matter
2.14A claim may be made for each matter. A matter includes all ancillary issues (SCC B9.93) and all bail to returns in that matter, however many attendances there may be (SCC B9.84 and 9.89).
2.15The contractual provisions as to the number of matters are complex and difficult to apply. Reference is necessary to SCC A4.42–4.48 and B9.82–9.93).1The Legal Aid Agency (LAA) understanding of these provisions is at CBAM 5.9.
A separate fixed fee is payable for each suspect advised and in that event time must be apportioned appropriately and each allocated a separate unique file number (UFN) (SCC B9.112).
However if a conflict develops between suspects, while subject to the investigation, an attendance fixed fee may only be claimed for each continuing client. It is therefore important to recognise conflict as early as possible (SCC B9.91–9.92).
Once a client is charged or a matter ended in any other way, such as no further action, or diversion, any further attendance to advise must be a new matter (SCC A1.13 and A4.56). A case remanded to the police station under Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980 s128(7) will generate a new matter. If one matter is charged and there is a reasonable attendance on another on a bail to return two fees are payable (SCC B9.85). The contract requires reasonable checks to be made that the bail to return is effective (SCC B9.2). There must be a substantive reason to attend (SCC B9.79).
An arrest for criminal conduct in the police station is a separate matter from the offence that caused the suspect to be in the police station (R v Walton2[2011] EWCA Crim 2832. interpreting Criminal Justice Act 1988 s40(1)).
An unconnected arrest creates a new matter, even if it is for a similar offence. It must be unconnected to the existing enquiry when the arrest takes place. Thus there will more than one matter where a client is arrested for theft from a shop, is bailed to return to the police station and the next day he is arrested for another theft from a shop; or where a client is arrested for burglary, fails to appear at court and is arrested on the street for failing to appear.
2.16Subject to those propositions: the following test should be applied:
1)Is there more than one genuinely separate matter? If No: one matter (SCC A.42; B 9.83).
If Yes:
2)Was advice given on more than one occasion? If No: one matter (SCC A4.45).
If Yes:
3)There are as many matters as there are attendances on a suspect in relation to the genuinely separate matters. An actual attendance is required under the contracts (SCC B9.88) so that no fee would be due if there is a cancellation at any point before the adviser has met the suspect. However exceptions to this rule appear below at para 2.32 below (CBAM 5.11.8) Attendance is mandatory (SCC B9.39–9.41) where there is to be an interview, identification procedure, other than a video identification, or a complaint of serious maltreatment. Otherwise an attendance must be reasonable Solicitors are expected to take reasonable steps, as the sufficient benefit test applies (SCC A3; B9.14; B12),
2.17A matter is not genuinely separate if the enquiries are based on the same facts or are or form part of a series of offences – those for which there is a legal or factual nexus. A widening of the original enquiry to include similar offences is not a separate matter (SCC A4.46 and 4.48).
2.18Genuinely separate enquiries are those that arise in new and different circumstances and are not merely the widening of the original enquiry such as where a suspect is further arrested in an on-going investigation (SCC B9.90). Contract guidance gives an example of an arrest for handling a stolen credit card which is widened to include a number of allegations of fraud arsing from its use. The other -examples given are fact-dependent and not so clear cut.
2.19There is one matter, however many allegations are investigated and whatever their nature, if the whole enquiry concludes on a single occasion. The word ‘occasion’ is not defined, and will require careful application to the facts of a particular case. It is suggested that the best interpretation is a single continuous attendance by a suspect at the police station.
2.20The number of custody records opened is not an essential consideration, though separate records may support separate claims. Separate Defence Solicitor Call Centre (DSCC) references must be obtained to support separate claims, and each should have its own unique file number (UFN) (SCC A4.39; B9.18–9.21).
2.21If there is more than one matter, this may require apportionment of the relevant attendance between the possible claims to show an attendance on the suspect was made, thus justifying the fixed fee.
Volunteers
2.22A claim may also be made for a volunteer who attends at any place where a constable is present.3Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 s15; Criminal Legal Aid (General) Regulations 2013 reg 12(2)(j) and SCC B9.1 and 9.57. By definition, he or she is not arrested.
2.23Difficult issues will apply in the application of these rules where suspects are interviewed about matters to be taken into consideration (TIC). Separate claims would appear to be proper where there is no connection or similarity between the matters subject to the original investigation and those taken into consideration, and they conclude with attendances on separate occasions.
Agreements under the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005
2.24CBAM 14 identifies that a claim under the police station scheme may be made when attending a client to advise on the basis and terms of an agreement reached under the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005.
Detainees under Schedule 7 to the Terrorism Act 2000
2.25Such detainees are entitled to police station advice under the Crim-inal Legal Aid (General) Regulations 2013 reg 12(2)(k)).
Location
Fee exclusive of VAT
London
£28.70 per matter
National
£27.60 per matter
Telephone-only advice
2.26This covers all telephone advice on a single matter dealt with only over the telephone (SCC B9.116). A single call with a person in custody is required in order to generate a claim (SCC B9.115). It is necessary to obtain a DSCC reference (SCC B9.18–19; 9.21).
2.27A telephone advice fee may not be claimed separately where an attendance is made and an attendance fee is claimed for that (SCC B9.80). It is however relevant both in identifying whether the escape provisions apply (SCC B9.81) and as a stand-alone payment.
Claim rates
Cases where criminal defence direct is not involved
These rates apply to matters started on or after 1 April 2016.
Telephone-only cases
2.28Fees for attendance at a place where a constable is present are pay-able if the attendance is reasonable and not excluded by the contract.
2.29An attendance cannot be claimed for in the following matters unless an exemption applies (SCC B9.8–9.13):
detention for non-imprisonable offences;
arrest on warrant (except where the solicitor has clear document-ary evidence available that would result in the client being released from custody);
arrest for driving with excess alcohol (driving unfit/drunk in charge/failure to provide a specimen); and
arrest for breach of bail;
except where (SCC B9.10):
there is to be an interview or identification procedure;
the suspect is eligible for an appropriate adult;
the suspect is unable to communicate over the telephone (this will include a requirement for privacy);
the suspect alleges serious maltreatment by the police;
the investigation includes another offence for which an attendance may be paid;
the solicitor is already at the police station (when the claim is limited to a telephone advice fee);
the advice relates to an indictable offence; and
the request is identified to you by DSCC as a ‘special request’ (SCC A1.13): that is, you are asked to attend in spite of the normal rules because Criminal Defence Direct cannot handle the matter.
Cases where criminal defence direct has initially been involved
2.30The following fee, an acceptance fee for a case received though Crim-inal Defence Direct, is never paid as such but it may be used to -calculate whether the total claim reaches the figure to escape from fixed fees (SCC B9.95; 9.97): In Criminal Defence Direct cases that do not fall within the exceptions (SCC B9.10) no claim may be made (SCC B9.9). These figures relate to matters beginning on or after 1 April 2016.
Location
Fee exclusive of VAT
All areas
£7.30 per matter
Note 1: The DSCC and Criminal Defence Direct are separate organisations. Calls will normally come through the DSCC but only if Criminal Defence Direct is involved would this lower fee be credited.Note 2: The position on telephone claims is summarised at SCC B9.113–B9.116.
Attendance cases
2.31Note that no claim may be made unless the case has been registered at the DSCC. You must report it if the police have not already done so (SCC B9.18). The report must be made before attending the -client if the solicitor is asked by a third party to attend a client already under arrest. If the client attends as a volunteer with the solicitor, or the client meets the solicitor who is at the police station, the case must be registered strictly within 48 hours (SCC B9.19–9.20). This is strictly interpreted so that, if necessary, claims must be lodged over weekends and public holidays.
Fixed fees
2.32These fees cannot be claimed for witnesses; such fees are payable as free standing advice and assistance (SCC B9.4).
2.33For a fixed fee claim to be made there must be an attendance upon a client in the police station (SCC B9.88). However CBAM 5.11.8 confirms that:
… in some circumstances, the solicitor will attend the Police Station in good faith having been contacted by the DSCC. Where a solicitor responds to a call from the DSCC but, for circumstances out of the solicitor’s control, no attendance takes place, a fixed fee is still claimable. A note should be kept on the file detailing the particular circumstances.
2.34Reference should be made to the DS44LAA Points of Principle of General Importance Manual, DS4: Abortive visit to police station. which states the principle more widely:
A legal representative who attends by prior appointment at a police station for the purpose of giving advice and assistance is entitled to be paid for work actually and reasonably done even though the purpose of the attendance is thwarted, for example because the client does not attend or the appointment has been cancelled without notice.
2.35Applying these principles the LAA will pay solicitors a fixed fee for attendance at a police station where they are called out by an Appropriate Adult to advise a child or vulnerable adult even if that person chooses not to see the solicitor. This was an important point taken by the request of the National Appropriate Adult Network. SCC A4.24 allows the appropriate adult to apply for contract work on behalf of a child or young person.
2.36These fees are payable, when there is a sufficient benefit in attending (SCC B9.14), for each claim made only under the following codes:
INVC (police station attendance);
INVD (police station attendance: armed forces); and
INVJ (immigration matters).
2.37The sufficient benefit test is deemed to be satisfied where a client has a right to legal advice for example under PACE or the Terrorism Act 2000. After the first attendance the sufficient benefit test must continue. Circumstances when there is a sufficient benefit include:
(a)providing advice prior to and during interview;
(b)advising at an identification procedure (including a video identification procedure when the client is not present);
(c)when appropriate, advising on the implications of the caution when the client is charged with an offence;
(d)advising when the advice may materially affect the outcome of the investigation and goes significantly beyond initial advice;
(e)advising a client who complains of serious maltreatment by the police.
If none of the above is satisfied further justification for attending should be provided on the file.
2.38In relation to each matter the fee payable is a fixed fee for the police station first actually attended (from whichever scheme the work origin-ated) unless the full value of the claim exceeds the escape figure.
2.39The rates (together with escape figures) are set out in the table at appendix N.
2.40If a fixed fee is payable, no separate claim may be made for:
advice and assistance related to the investigation;
travel;
waiting; and
telephone advice.
Claiming; and claiming more than the fixed fee
2.41It is still necessary to know the appropriate claim rates because:
1)The LAA requires the claim value to be inserted on Form CRM6 even if a fixed fee results.
2)They are required to identify whether an additional claim can be made because the value of the matter exceeds the escape figure.
3)They are payable for all work in the criminal investigations class represented by the following claim codes: INVE (warrants of further detention, including terrorism); INVF (warrants of further detention (armed forces)( including terrorism)); INVH (post-charge attendance, breach of bail, warrants in cases where an attendance may be made); and INVI (post-charge identification, caution, youth caution).
Important note: All these figures are exclusive of VAT. They relate to matters beginning on or after 1 April 2016.
Hourly rates
At the police station
London rate
National rate
Duty solicitor (unsocial hours)
£63.01
£63.01
Duty solicitor (other hours)
£51.28
£47.45
Own solicitor
£51.28
£47.45
Duty solicitor – serious offences (unsocial hours)
£73.00
£73.00
Duty solicitor – serious offences (other hours)
£59.31
£54.75
Travelling and waiting
London rate
National rate
Duty solicitor (unsocial hours:
Including excess travel time)
£63.01
£63.01
Duty solicitor (other hours)
£51.28
£47.45
Own solicitor
£26.28
£26.28
Fixed fees
Limitation on claims
Work type
London fee
National fee
Police station telephone advice fixed fee (including all telephone calls whether routine or fixed ‘advice’ (except Criminal Defence Direct cases for which no such fee may be claimed))
£28.70 per claim
£27.60 per claim
Fixed acceptance fee (former Criminal Defence Direct cases referred to a duty or own solicitor for police station attendance only)
£7.30 per case
£7.30 per case
2.42The claim is for all time actually and reasonably spent on the matter.
2.43However the contracts limit the time that may be spent at the police station after charge (SCC B9.16). It is not normally appropriate to remain for fingerprinting DNA samples and photographs unless the particular circumstances of the suspect require you to remain. You may remain to make representations on bail.
2.44In escape fee cases travel time is limited, to a total of 45 minute each way (SCC B9.106).
2.45There are severe limitations on giving immigration advice (SCC B9.63–9.69).
Definition of duty solicitor cases and enhanced cases
2.46This is relevant to see if the claim reaches the escape figure. A case is a duty case when allocated as such, and the duty solicitor status lasts throughout the duty period and for the duration of the suspect’s first continuous period in custody beginning within that period (SCC B9.101).
2.47Enhanced (serious case) duty rates apply in those circumstances to the following offences (SCC B9.102):
treason (common law);
murder (common law) and soliciting to murder (Offences Against the Person Act 1861 s4);
manslaughter (Homicide Act 1957 and common law);
causing death by dangerous driving (Road Traffic Act 1988 s1);
rape (Sexual Offences Act 2003 s1);
assault by penetration (Sexual Offences Act 2003 s2);
penetration of a child under 13 (Sexual Offences Act 2003 s5);
assault of a child under 13 by penetration (Sexual Offences Act s6);
robbery (Theft Act 1968 s8);
assault with intent to rob (common law);
arson (Criminal Damage Act 1971 s1(1), (2) or (3));
perverting the course of public justice (common law);
conspiracy to defraud (common law);
kidnapping (common law);
wounding or grievous bodily harm (Offences against the Person Act 1861 ss18 and 20);
conspiracy to commit any of the above offences (Criminal Law Act 1977 s1);
soliciting or inciting to commit any of the above offences (common law);
attempting to commit any of the above offences (Criminal Attempts Act 1981 ss1 or 1A);
any offence if the client is accused of possessing a firearm, shotgun or imitation firearm; and
any offence if the client is detained under Terrorism Act 2000 s41;
provided that:
duty solicitor rates would normally be payable;
a duty solicitor personally attends who is in the employment or otherwise a member of the personnel of the firm or a delivery partner;
and the firm does not have a category 3 claims assessment outstanding on a contract compliance audit.
Restrictions on number of claims on the same matter
2.48In normal circumstances only one fixed fee may be claimed for each matter. It is therefore essential to register the claim at DSCC as soon as instructed directly.
2.49Solicitors will also need to make particular checks, if asked to become involved after the start of a matter, to ensure that another firm has not already become entitled to the fixed fee. There are limitations on claiming if other solicitors have previously been involved (SCC B9.70–9.76).
2.50The contracts define circumstances when a new solicitor may not take over an existing case. The LAA expects reasonable enquiries to be made about whether there has been previous advice in the same matter in the last six months, and that these enquiries are recorded. The contracts (SCC B9.73) state that a second fixed fee should not be claimed where:
(a)the Client simply disagrees with the first advice and wants a second opinion;
(b)there is only a short time between the first and second occasions when the Police Station Advice and Assistance is sought and no material change of circumstances has occurred;
(c)the change requested is from a second to a third Provider (unless exceptionally it is reasonable for a further change); or
(d)there is no reasonable explanation for the Client seeking further Police Station Advice and Assistance from a new Provider.
2.51However, they allow (SCC B9.70) for a number of circumstances where more than one claim may be made:
(a)there is a gap in time and circumstances have changed materially between the first and second or subsequent occasions when the Police Station Advice and Assistance was sought;
(b)the Client has reasonable cause to transfer from the first Provider; or
(c)the first Provider has confirmed to you that he or she will make no claim for payment for the Police Station Advice and Assistance.
2.52These exceptions are significant. If a conflict is found to exist on attendance at the police station, only the new solicitor will be able to claim a fixed attendance fee for the conflicted suspect. If a client cannot identify the earlier solicitor (and the custody record does not assist), a reasonable attendance will generate a fixed fee. The same may apply when a client has entirely lost confidence, for good cause, in the original firm or wants a representative from a particular minority ethnic group, or the DSCC does not originally call the correct firm and the client will only work with the firm he actually named. Two solicitors instructed simultaneously may also claim if they attend.
2.53All these explanations will need to be documented on the file.
2.54A firm is expected to retain a matter until its conclusion (SCC B9.53). However a duty solicitor may return a case to DSCC (SCC B9.54–9.55) when:
(a)A solicitor is unable to continue to act personally and there is no other suitable person in the organisation able to act and the firm is unable to instruct a suitable Agent;
(b)The Client removes or rescinds their instructions from the organisation;
(c)The organisation is unable to act because there are legitimate concerns about a breach of the professional code of conduct; or
(d)the original firm confirms that it will not claim a Police Station Advice and Assistance Fixed Fee or any other remuneration for the case.
2.55Particular problems arise when a suspect is transferred from one police station to another at a considerable distance. The LAA considers5CBAM 5.13. that an own solicitor should seek, within the fixed fee, to appoint a local agent, or attend himself. If neither is possible and there are substantial practical problems with both, the matter should be returned to the DSCC for allocation to the duty solicitor in the distant area. Each solicitor is then entitled to claim a fee.
Bails to return
2.56Because the fixed fee covers all attendances, solicitors will wish to examine carefully the need to return. It is unlikely that an attendance can be justified until it is known that the client is present and the police have confirmed that there is to be an interview or identification procedure or a need to make a prepared statement or to make representations at charge.
2.57Solicitors at the first attendance will consider having signed Form CRM14 and Form CRM15 in case there is a charge at a later stage, having obtained authority to complete the details of the charge once known, and the client’s agreement to provide details of any financial change of circumstances. This is particularly important in areas with virtual courts.
Escape provisions
Value of claim6See SCC B9.98–9.100.
2.58If the value at prescribed rates of the work actually and reasonably done exceeds the relevant fee limit for the relevant scheme then you claim the fixed fee + the amount by which the value exceeds the fee limit.
2.59Thus, if in an area the fixed fee is £310, and the escape limit is £930 and, if on assessment a claim is accepted at £1,400, the amount paid will be:
The fixed fee
£310
The excess of the claim over the fee limit (£1,400 – £930) =
£470
Claim
£780
2.60This removes any incentive to push towards the fee limit as in most cases it will lead to significant loss. This work will be subject to individual assessment by the LAA and should be claimed on Form CRM18. To ensure that CRM18 is processed without difficulty it should be accompanied by:
full file of papers (photocopies are acceptable);
Form CRM11;
completed Forms CRM1 and CRM2 if your claim includes any free standing advice or assistance.
2.61The file should also contain:
times of when the solicitor arrived and left the station;
interview times;
times the solicitor had to wait and the reasons for doing so;
a copy of the full custody record.
Calculating the value
2.62Add together the value at the appropriate rate (including duty and enhanced duty rates) of:
travel – note there are limits of 45 minutes on the time that may be spent in travelling to see a client (SCC B9.106);
waiting;
advice and assistance (including letters and telephone calls) if there are valid Forms CRM1 and CRM2;
attendances – this includes all attendances actually and reasonably undertaken and includes appropriate advice immediately after charge (SCC B9.116). Attendance on an ineffective bail to return will only be permitted if checks were first sought to be made (SNN B9.2);
a relevant telephone advice fee and/ or fee for call from Criminal Defence Direct (see above).
Compare the total with the fee limit.
Cases outside fixed fees
2.63These are claims made under the following codes:
INVE (warrant of further detention, etc);
INVF (warrant of further detention (armed forces), etc).
2.64The LAA has indicated that the same applies to:
INVH (post-charge: breach of bail/warrant) – it must be emphasised that breach of police bail prior to charge is dealt with by fixed telephone or fixed attendance fee and not by hourly rates;
INVI (post-charge: identification/recharge/referral back).
2.65They are payable at the hourly rates specified above, including for travel and waiting. This appears to be necessary because the first claim is completed by charge; and yet there is no new allegation generating this additional post charge work.
2.66Because the standard and particularly the litigators’ graduated fee schemes provide for fixed fees, solicitors will normally wish to elect to claim this post-charge work as an additional police station claim (as is allowed by the decision of the LAA Costs Appeals Committee, CRIMLA 77).
Advocacy assistance
On a warrant of further detention or at an armed forces custody hearing or on an application to vary pre-charge bail
2.67These claims, at hourly rates, are payable in addition to the fixed or exceptional fees (SCC B9.145–9.182). Time spent on these matters should be separately recorded. One claim should be made for all the work undertaken in relation to each type of advocacy assistance. Upper limits (subject to CRM5 extensions) apply to all these claims (see appendix A). The sufficient benefit test applies but there is no financial eligibility test. All reasonable preparatory and follow-up work may be claimed.
2.68The standard rate is claimed by own and duty solicitors. The enhanced rate is claimed by duty solicitors in unsocial hours.
On a warrant of further detention and at an Armed Forces custody
These rates apply to matters beginning on or after 1 April 2016.
Work type
National hourly rate
London hourly rate
Preparation
Standard rate
£42.80
£45.35
Enhanced rate
£57.03
£60.50
Advocacy
Standard rate
£53.84
£53.84
Enhanced rate
£71.77
£71.77
Travelling and waiting
Standard rate
£24.00
£24.00
Enhanced rate
£31.98
£31.98
Routine letters written and telephone calls
per item
per item
Standard rate
£3.38
£3.51
Enhanced rate
£4.47
£4.65
Note: The enhanced rate applies to advocacy assistance provided by duty solicitors in unsocial hours only. The standard rate applies to advocacy assistance provided by duty solicitors outside unsocial hours and by own solicitors at any time.
On a warrant of further detention before the High Court or senior judge
2.69This table applies to appropriate terrorist cases and to matters beginning on or after 1 April 2016.
Work type
National rate
London rate
Routine letter out
£6.84 per item
£6.84 per item
Routine telephone calls
£3.79 per item
£3.79 per item
All other preparation work including any work which was reasonably done arising out of or incidental to the proceedings, interviews with client, witnesses and other parties, obtaining evidence; preparation and consideration of, and dealing with, documents, negotiations and notices; dealing with letters written and received and telephone calls which are not routine
£68.44 per hour
£72.54 per hour
Attending counsel in conference or at the trial or hearing of any summons or application at court, or other appointment
£33.76 per hour
£33.76 per hour
Attending without counsel at the trial or hearing of any summons or application at court, or other appointment
£68.44 per hour
£68.44 per hour
Travelling and waiting
£30.34 per hour
£30.34 per hour
Note: No enhanced rates are payable for this unit of work.
In the magistrates’ court in connection with an application to vary pre-charge police bail conditions
2.70Claims should include the time involved in giving any notice of appeal and any reasonable preparation and follow up work including reasonable preparation in the office, correspondence and telephone calls and advising the client of the consequences of the outcome. These rates apply to matters beginning on or after 1 April 2016.
Work type
National hourly rate
London hourly rate
Preparation
Standard rate
£45.35
£47.95
Advocacy
Standard rate
£56.89
£56.89
Travelling and waiting
Standard rate
£24.00
£24.00
Routine letters written and telephone calls
per item
per item
Standard rate
£3.56
£3.70
Disbursements
2.71All disbursements actually and reasonably incurred continue to be payable. These may include items such as photographs, if required, but also hotel bills when the work cannot otherwise reasonably be done. If a duty solicitor wishes to use hotels on a regular basis, authority must be obtained (SCC B9.104).
2.72Travel costs are also met. The contract mileage rate is £0.45 per mile (SCC A5.50 and see chapter 8). Solicitors will wish to use the fastest method of transport, as the value of the travel time will seldom be recovered. Private transport or taxis will be essential for the safety of staff in the hours of darkness.
Method of claiming
2.73The fixed fee and remaining hourly rate claims and claims for advocacy assistance are made separately in the normal way on Form CRM6. In cases reaching the escape figures, the additional claim (for the amount in excess of the fee limit) is made on Form CRM18 and sent to the appropriate assessment centre with all the relevant papers (or photocopies) so that an assessment can take place.
 
1     The Legal Aid Agency (LAA) understanding of these provisions is at CBAM 5.9. »
2     [2011] EWCA Crim 2832. »
3     Legal Aid, Sentencing and Punishment of Offenders Act 2012 s15; Criminal Legal Aid (General) Regulations 2013 reg 12(2)(j) and SCC B9.1 and 9.57. »
4     LAA Points of Principle of General Importance Manual, DS4: Abortive visit to police station. »
5     CBAM 5.13. »
6     See SCC B9.98–9.100. »
Payment
Previous Next